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Agricenomics boosting authentic safer farming 2024

Agrigenomics: Novel Innovations Shaping Agriculture in 2024

08-03-2024

The rising global population poses a significant challenge and the escalating demand for food resources adds to the issue. Within the agricultural field, agrigenomics emerges as a pivotal frontier, offering transformative solutions to enhance crop productivity and quality. This field shows substantial potential for advancements in sustainable farming as well.

Now, let's delve in and learn how this novel technology is reshaping modern farming.

What is Agrigenomics?

Agrigenomics, or agricultural genomics, refers to the application of genomics in agriculture. It aims to enhance crop and livestock productivity, sustainability, and food security. This field utilizes modern technology, such as genotyping and next-generation sequencing. Agricultural genomics helps study agrarian species and gain better insights into the genetic variation influencing desirable traits in plants and animals. This modern approach has been used extensively in recent years. According to the latest report from Extrapolate, the global agrigenomics market is expected to reach a valuation of $6.1 billion by 2030.

Why is Agrigenomics Important?

Agrigenomics is a rapidly evolving field that leverages genomic technologies to shape the future of agriculture. This novel approach drives sustainable productivity and poses a solution to food security, especially with decreasing arable land and rising climate change.

Agricultural genomics plays a crucial role in enhancing food quality and improving productivity with environmentally sustainable practices. It offers novel insights to farmers, breeders, and scientists, ultimately resulting in the production of authentic and safer products, and fostering the growth of healthier crops and livestock. Additionally, this technique enables marker-assisted breeding (MAS) for selecting desirable characteristics, which is a faster approach compared to conventional breeding methods.

Pivotal Benefits of Agrigenomics

Below are the key benefits of genomics in agriculture:

  • Genomics in farming enhances crop production and livestock farming, leading to improved agricultural practices and outcomes.
  • It supports sustainable productivity by enabling precise trait screening and informed breeding decisions.
  • It facilitates the identification of genetic markers linked to desirable traits, enhancing food production efficiency.
  • It contributes to environmental conservation through sustainable agricultural practices and habitat preservation.
  • It contributes to a deeper understanding of genetic variation in agricultural species, influencing crop and livestock traits.
  • It helps reduce the negative environmental impacts of agriculture, such as pollution and degradation, while also mitigating flood risks.

Novel Innovations in the Agrigenomics Field

The latest advancements in agricultural genomics are paving the way for efficient farming. Some of the novel innovations include:

1. Technological Advancement

Companies are focusing on developing new technologies to improve genomic studies and enhance current platforms for agrigenomics. For instance, NEOGEN Corporation and Gencove launched InfiniSEEKT, an innovative, cost-effective solution for whole-genome sequencing and targeted SNP analysis.

InfiniSEEKT allows the bovine industry to advance cattle breeding programs. It provides genomic insights into desired phenotypes, minimizes selection bias, and manages over 400 traits and conditions.

2. NGS in Agricultural Genomics

Researchers are using genotyping and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies to study agricultural species and gain a better understanding of the genetic variation influencing phenotypes.

For example, the Deakin Genomics Center is utilizing Illumina's NovaSeq 6000 System in agricultural genomics for large-scale sequencing projects. This technology has enabled the center to accelerate agricultural genomics research, help farmers, and support species conservation. The center has added another NovaSeq 6000 and an iSeq 100 system to offer high-throughput and low-cost NGS. This system provides vital insights into the practical application of advanced genomic technologies in agricultural research and conservation efforts.

3. HiFi Sequencing

HiFi sequencing, also known as highly accurate long-read sequencing, is a cutting-edge technology that delivers precise long reads, thus propelling advancements in life science, especially agricultural genomics.

Within this domain, PacBio's HiFi sequencing stands out for providing unparalleled genomic data quality and detail essential for crop or livestock breeding, genetic engineering, and pest and disease mitigation efforts. This technology streamlines the swift assembly of high-quality genomes, verifies constructs, and assesses off-target effects, thereby facilitating the discovery of novel genes.

Is GAB Revolutionizing Agricultural Breeding?

Agricultural genomics empowers farmers to accelerate and improve plant and animal breeding practices, critical for bolstering food safety and eliminating bacterial pathogens in the food supply. Genomic interventions, such as speed breeding, genomic selection, and haplotype-based breeding, can overcome the limitations of conventional breeding and contribute to sustainable agriculture.

In this field, genomics-assisted breeding (GAB) approaches aim to expedite genetic advancement and contribute to global food and nutrition security. Large-scale genome resequencing projects and long-read sequencing technologies are accelerating the identification of new haplotypes for genome assembly. These haplotypes can be used for various purposes, such as genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis, genomic prediction, and crop improvement. These advancements in high-throughput phenotyping will enhance the discovery and applications of superior haplotypes.

Will Climate-Smart Crops Meet Rising Food Demand?

Climate change is causing significant crop yield losses, posing significant risks to food security, particularly in vulnerable countries. Climate-adapted crops could potentially be an alternative to more resilient food systems, improving carbon sequestration and storage in the soil.

In the genomics sphere, crop gene editing techniques like CRISPR/Cas-9 facilitate swift and accurate modifications, expediting the creation of climate-resilient crops that enhance yields, combat diseases, and withstand environmental stressors like drought, flooding, and salinity. Integration of these methods with technologies such as indoor farming is on the rise, aiming to maximize yield and minimize expenses in resource-intensive farming systems. This synergy promises to fortify a resilient and sustainable food supply chain for generations to come.

To Wrap Up

Agrigenomics represents a pivotal frontier in modern agriculture. It has proven to be a transformative solution to enhance crop productivity, disease resistance, and sustainable farming practices. The use of genomics in agriculture shows the potential to reshape crop and livestock breeding, improve nutritional quality, and mitigate environmental impact.

By utilizing genetic insights, agricultural genomics holds the promise of ensuring food security. It also fosters sustainable agricultural practices and addresses global challenges. As research and technological advancements continue to unfold, the integration of genomics into agricultural systems is poised to play a central role in shaping the future of food production, promoting resilience, and driving sustainable development worldwide.

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